11.2 使用CSV/Excel文件进行数据驱动

##### 1. **使用CSV文件**

CSV（Comma-Separated Values）文件是一种常见的数据存储格式，适合存储结构化数据。Python的`csv`模块可以方便地读取CSV文件。

**示例：CSV文件内容（`test_data.csv`）**

csv复制

```csv
username,password,expected_result
standard_user,secret_sauce,success
locked_out_user,secret_sauce,failure
invalid_user,invalid_password,failure
```

**读取CSV文件并进行测试**

Python复制

```python
import csv
import pytest
from pages.login_page import LoginPage

@pytest.fixture
def browser():
    driver = webdriver.Chrome()
    yield driver
    driver.quit()

def get_test_data():
    test_data = []
    with open("test_data.csv", "r") as file:
        reader = csv.DictReader(file)
        for row in reader:
            test_data.append((row["username"], row["password"], row["expected_result"]))
    return test_data

@pytest.mark.parametrize("username,password,expected_result", get_test_data())
def test_login(browser, username, password, expected_result):
    login_page = LoginPage(browser)
    login_page.open()
    login_page.login(username, password)
    if expected_result == "success":
        assert "inventory.html" in browser.current_url
    else:
        error_message = browser.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "h3[data-test='error']").text
        assert "Epic sadface" in error_message
```

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##### 2. **使用Excel文件**

Excel文件是一种更复杂的数据存储格式，适合存储更复杂的数据结构。Python的`openpyxl`库可以方便地读取Excel文件。

**安装`openpyxl`**

bash复制

```bash
pip install openpyxl
```

**示例：Excel文件内容（`test_data.xlsx`）**

| username        | password         | expected_result |
| --------------- | ---------------- | --------------- |
| standard_user   | secret_sauce     | success         |
| locked_out_user | secret_sauce     | failure         |
| invalid_user    | invalid_password | failure         |

**读取Excel文件并进行测试**

Python复制

```python
import pytest
from openpyxl import load_workbook
from pages.login_page import LoginPage

@pytest.fixture
def browser():
    driver = webdriver.Chrome()
    yield driver
    driver.quit()

def get_test_data():
    test_data = []
    workbook = load_workbook("test_data.xlsx")
    sheet = workbook.active
    for row in sheet.iter_rows(min_row=2, values_only=True):
        username, password, expected_result = row
        test_data.append((username, password, expected_result))
    return test_data

@pytest.mark.parametrize("username,password,expected_result", get_test_data())
def test_login(browser, username, password, expected_result):
    login_page = LoginPage(browser)
    login_page.open()
    login_page.login(username, password)
    if expected_result == "success":
        assert "inventory.html" in browser.current_url
    else:
        error_message = browser.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "h3[data-test='error']").text
        assert "Epic sadface" in error_message
```

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